TITLE
Dynamic Spiking Studies Using the DNPH Sampling Train

AUTHOR(S)
Joette L. Steger and Joseph E. Knoll

PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Radian Corporation, P.O. Box 13000
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

National Exposure Research Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
National Exposure Research Laboratory
Office of Research and Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

ABSTRACT
The proposed aldehyde and ketone sampling method using aqueous 2,4
dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) was evaluated in the laboratory and
in the field.  The sampling trains studied were based on the train
described in SW 846 Method 0011.  Nine compounds were evaluated:
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, quinone, acrolein, propionaldeyde,
methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetophenone, and
isophorone.  In the laboratory, the trains were spiked both
statically and dynamically.  Laboratory studies indicated that
formaldehyde and isophorone are efficiently recovered from the
first impringer.  Laboratory studies also investigated potential
interferences to the method.  Based on their potential to hydrolyze
in acid solution to form formaldehyde, dimethylolurea, saligenin,
strioxane, hexamethylenetetramine, and paraformaldehyde were
investigated.  Dimethylolurea, hexamethylenetetramine, and
paraformaldehyde all interfered with formaldehyde analysis.  The
sampling train containing 200 ml of reagent in the first impinger
followed by two impingers containing 100 mL of reagent then
evaluated at a plywood veneer manufacturing plant.  Ten runs were
performed using quadruplicate sampling trains.  Two of the four
trains were dynamically spiked with the nine aldehydes and ketones. 
The test results were evaluated using the EPA method 301 criteria
for method precision (<±50% relative standard deviation) and bias
(correction factor of 1.00±0.30).  Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde,
propionaldehyde, and acetiphenone passed the requirements for

accuracy and precision.